2000 National
Therapeutic Recreation Society (NTRS):
Therapeutic recreation
uses treatment, education and recreation services to help
people with illnesses, disabilities and other conditions
to develop and use their leisure in ways that enhance their
health, functional abilities, independence and quality of
life. Approved by the NTRS Board of Directors
October 14, 2000
EDITORS NOTE: NTRS is no longer active (10-12-10)
1991 Dictionary
of Occupational Titles 076.124-014 RECREATIONAL
THERAPIST: alternate title: therapeutic recreation
worker:
Plans, organizes,
and directs medically approved recreation program for patients
in hospitals and other institutions: Directs and organizes
such activities as sports, dramatics, games, and arts and
crafts to assist patients to develop interpersonal relationships,
to socialize effectively, and to develop confidence needed
to participate in group activities. Regulates content of
program in accordance with patients' capabilities, needs
and interests. Instructs patients in relaxation techniques,
such as deep breathing, concentration, and other activities,
to reduce stress and tension. Instructs patients in calisthenics,
stretching and limbering exercises, and individual and group
sports. Counsels and encourages patients to develop leisure
activities. Organizes and coordinates special outings and
accompanies patients on outings, such as ball games, sightseeing,
or picnics to make patients aware of available recreational
resources. Prepares progress charts and periodic reports
for medical staff and other members of treatment team, reflecting
patients' reactions and evidence of progress or regression.
May supervise and conduct in-service training of other staff
members, review their assessments and program goals, and
consult with them on selected cases. May train groups of
volunteers and students in techniques of recreation therapy.
May serve as consultant to employers, educational institutions,
and community health programs. May prepare and submit requisition
for needed supplies.
1986 American
Therapeutic Recreation Association (ATRA):
Therapeutic recreation
is the provision of Treatment Services and the provision
of Recreation Services to persons with illnesses or disabling
conditions. The primary purposes of Treatment Services which
are often referred to as Recreational Therapy, are to restore,
remediate or rehabilitate in order to improve functioning
and independence as well as reduce or eliminate the effects
of illness or disability. The primary purposes of Recreational
Services are to provide recreation resources and opportunities
in order to improve health and well-being. Therapeutic Recreation
is provided by professionals who are trained and certified,
registered and/or licensed to provide Therapeutic Recreation.
1982 David Austin
[Therapeutic recreation] is the provision
of purposeful intervention designed to help clients grow
and to assist them to prevent or relieve problems
through recreation and leisure.
1977 Dictionary
of Occupational Titles, group
076 THERAPISTS:
This group includes
occupations concerned with the treatment and rehabilitation
of persons with physical or mental disabilities or disorders,
to develop or restore functions, prevent loss of physical
capacities, and maintain optimum performance. Includes occupations
utilizing means, such as exercise, massage, heat, light,
water, electricity, and specific therapeutic apparatus, usually
as prescribed by a physician; or participation in medically
oriented rehabilitative programs, including recreational,
occupational, and educational activities. This group includes:
recreational, occupational, physical, manual-arts, art, music,
industrial, and corrective therapies; audiology; speech pathology;
coordination of rehabilitation services; orientation therapist
for the blind; and physical and occupational therapy assistants.
1972 Frye and Peters
Therapeutic recreation is a process through which
purposeful efforts are directed toward achieving or maximizing
desired concomitant effects of a recreation experience
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Western Carolina
University (WCU):
Recreational therapy
refers to the prescribed use of recreational and other activities
as treatment interventions to improve the functional living
competence of persons with physical, mental, emotional and/or
social disadvantages.
1994 National
Therapeutic Recreation Society (NTRS):
Definition of therapeutic
recreation: Practiced in clinical, residential, and community
settings, the profession of therapeutic recreation uses treatment,
education, and recreation services to help people with illnesses,
disabilities, and other conditions to develop and use their
leisure in ways that enhance their health, independence,
and well-being. Approved by the NTRS Board of Directors,
February 4, 1994.
1991 Dictionary
of Occupational Titles, group 076 THERAPISTS:
The only change was
the addition of: horticulture, dance, and respiratory therapies;
voice pathology; exercise physiology; physical-integration
practitioner; and the addition of mobility to orientation
'and mobility' therapist for the blind.
1989
O'Morrow & Reynolds
The
unique function of therapeutic recreation is to assist the
client, sick or well, in the performance of those leisure activities
and experiences contributing to health or its recovery, including
general recreation participation.
1985
Carter, Van Andel, & Robb
Therapeutic
recreation refers to the specialized application of recreation
for the specific purpose of intervening in and changing some
physical, emotional, or social behavior to promote
the growth and development of the individual. Therapeutic recreation
may be viewed as
a process of systematic use of recreation activities and experiences
to achieve specific objectives.
1983
Kraus
[Therapeutic
recreation is] a professionally directed service that provides
recreational and related activities specifically designed to
meet the needs of individuals suffering from
some significant degree of illness or disability.
1980 O'Morrow
[Therapeutic recreation is] a
process wherein recreation experiences are used to bring
about a change in
the behavior of those individuals with special needs or problems.
1980 Iso-Ahola
[Therapeutic recreation is] purposeful
intervention designed to improve the client's quality of
life through recreation and leisure.
1977 Dictionary
of Occupational Titles 076.124-014 RECREATIONAL
THERAPIST:
Plans, organizes,
and directs medically approved recreation program for patients
in hospitals and other institutions: Directs and organizes
such activities as adapted sports, dramatics, social activities,
and arts and crafts, regulating content of program in accordance
with patients' capabilities, needs, and interest. Prepares
reports for patient's physician or treatment team, describing
patients' reactions, and symptoms indicative of progress
or regression.
1936 "Principles
and Practice of Recreational Therapy" by Drs. John
Eisele Davis and William Rush Dunton, Jr.:
Recreational therapy
is "any free, voluntary and expressive activity; motor,
sensory or mental, vitalized by the expansive play spirit,
sustained by deep-rooted pleasurable attitudes and evoked by
wholesome emotional release; prescribed by medical authority
as an adjuvant in treatment." |
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